PHI Summative Assessment Free Essays

Letter to Hospital Adminstration Essay Example for Free

Letter to Hospital Adminstration Essay I am certain you know about a portion of the long standing issues which we are looking inside our area of expertise and that the challenges have just expanded in the course of the last a few years.â The principle issues inside our division are staff inadequacy and absence of assets, and numerous different troubles spring from these focuses. The requests for improved patient administrations are clear on clinic, nearby, state, and national levels, but then money related and instructive undertakings to help our specialty are pushed aside.  Staff individuals have been dove into endurance mode, persistent consideration has plunged, and assurance is awful. Clearly we are not rehearsing cutting edge advancement, including having a general vision and plan just as plan implementation.â Ideas with respect to arrangements have just been submitted to organization a few times, but the compassion we have gotten has not converted energetically. Activity is frantically required in our specialization so as to give genuine consideration to the patients we plan to serve.â The medical clinic has the duty to work as a powerful framework which works for the prosperity of all members.â In request to take care of the numerous issues we face in our area of expertise, there should be the execution of a few explicit estimates which serve to rebuild the division. If it's not too much trouble take regard for the accompanying thoughts which are fundamental for the structure of a skilled and enough financed office, as answers for our specialty are urgently required at this point: Standard and positive correspondence between all staff individuals and partners, including organization. Straightforwardness as to the connections between all staff individuals and partners, including organization. Characterizing departmental practice to meet emergency clinic crucial execute a strong instrument for progress. Smoothing out of every day work by production of maps and rules. Employing of qualified staff individuals. Execution of instructive exercises. Promise to expanded assets for things, for example, beds, labs, and high innovation. Enlisting of a ranking staff part who is contracted for office improvement. In looking to the most recent research about powerful emergency clinic frameworks which are creating in the most dynamic manners, it is anything but difficult to perceive what is required for our department.â McKneally brings up that â€Å"the incorporation of compelling subsystems into a very much organized medicinal services framework is a reachable perfect. Like a very much prepared competitor whose cerebrum, nerves, muscles and bones are facilitated to accomplish a perfect exhibition, the last item will require instructing, preparing, tolerance and persistence† (2006).â It is critical to consider our area of expertise as a crucial subsystem which must be all around composed into the medical clinic framework in the objective of ideal social insurance. It is superb to be reached at the earliest opportunity in regards to a reaction to the requirement for solid activity now for our department.â It isn't reasonable for anybody, including organization, staff, partners, and patients, for the present circumstance to continue.â Health care requires the arrangement of incredible patient treatment, floated by effective and great staff individuals and resources.â I am certain that with enough enthusiasm being put into our specialty, we can develop as a front line group of experts inside an agreeable clinic framework. Best respects,

RIP To Reading Alice Walker. Long Live THE COLOR PURPLE.

RIP To Reading Alice Walker. Long Live THE COLOR PURPLE. In 2013, I was still fairly new to book reviewing. When I requested Alice Walkers book, The Cushion in the Road, for review, I expected to be refused. Newbies dont get assigned books by legends, right?   But I got it: my most exciting assignment yet. I had recently graduated from divinity school, where I studied feminist theology. Intersectional feminism was all that I thought about. Alice Walkerâ€"who conceptualized womanism, who gave us The Color Purple, and who had earned her many accolades, including a Pulitzerâ€"was a god within that realm. I was also in the midst of my conversion to Judaism, which Id recognized as my religious home precisely because it emphasizes intersectionality as a religious value. So when my admiration for Alice Walker crashed into her claims about my community in The  Cushion in the Road, I was heartbroken. My expectations of a book-long experience of intersectional sisterhood were dashed. Alice Walker, I discovered, hated Jews. Im choosing those words deliberately. This is, in part, because I hesitated to say them then, and that was a mistake. No one wants to discover that someone they admire is capable of hate, especially of hating them. But even minor gods are fallible, and Alice Walker is an anti-Semite. She believes in global Jewish conspiracies. She thinks that we are to blame for the ills of the world. She thinks that were money-grubbing. Pick your canard: shes got it down in print. Some of it has something to do with Israel, but all of it has everything to do with hate. The Cushion in the Road didnt introduce Alices prejudices, though they were my first confrontation with them. And in the book world, people gave her wide berth. Reactions to  The Cushion in the Road generally  skipped over its anti-Semitism entirely, favoring the books broader, more familiar Alice Walker themes. Even I buried my dismay over her comments regarding Jewish people and Israel beneath praise for the less noxious portions of the book. I celebrated her awareness, her boldness, and the challenges she posed to all readers, including President Obama. I called her comments regarding Judaism, and Jewish people, strange within the collection. I used words like invective and hyperbolic regarding them, but my implication was that those portions were an anomaly, rather than indicative of what Alice truly believed. I loved her. I owed her. I didnt want to accept that she truly believed that I deserved suspicion or hate. On topics other than Judaism, Alice Walkers work is sensitive, thoughtful, concerned with justice, and a voice for righteous protest. On topics related to Judaism, she is myopic and foments hate. I held the sensitive Alice in such high esteem that I decided to talk about the Other Alice in a whisper. That willingness to minimize what was, even then, pronounced prejudice was a mistake. I regret the forgiving tone of my review. The ADL review was clearer (if it also concentrated entirely on one chapter of that book): it called out anti-Semitic tropes in  Cushion, including suggestions that Jews dont do anything that we cant make money off of, the use of terms like Jewish supremacy, and the pronounced ignorance regarding the Torah. God save us from the Jews! a woman says to Alice in one of the books accounts; Too late, she replies. I already married one. Walkers resentment toward her ex-husband snowballed into negative impressions of all Jewish people: if hed proved duplicitous, then so would I. So would any of us. We were not to be trusted. We were to blame. This is how prejudice works. I think that the fact that the anti-Semitism in  The Cushion in the Road is  mostly contained within a chapter made it so easier for reviewers to ignore. We could compartmentalize the part of Alice that seemed capable of such ugliness, could pretend that it was contained, or a quirk, or whatever. Alice Walkers anti-Semitism is the topic that you trouble briefly and blow past when youre discussing her greater body of work, that you excuse because  The Color Purple  was, and is, so important, and because we need womanism, desperatelyâ€"now more than ever. Maybe that isnt HER. But it is. The furor over her endorsement of David Ickes work in a recent issue of  The New York Times is deserved. Its also overdue. Alice didnt introduce her anti-Semitism with that book recommendation; she reminded us of it. Shes been airing it for years. Sometimes its cushioned within criticisms of Israelâ€"which also makes it easier to dismiss as not-hateâ€"but its always about something deeper. It shouldnt have taken her praise of a conspiracy theorist who believes that Jews are part of a global Illuminati alien-lizard-people conspiracy to make that obvious. But it did. NOW people are shocked. NOW people are dismayed. Welcome. I am still the woman who fell in love with womanism and  The Color Purple while learning how to be an intersectional feminist in divinity school; that will not change. I want people to be womanist. I want  The Color Purple to broaden readers perspectives. As critics like Roxane Gay have pointed out: theres no need to throw any of that away. Alice Walker has been anti-Semitic for years. I talk about it at my events when I talk about how much I appreciate Possessing the Secret of Joy. â€" roxane gay (@rgay) December 17, 2018 If some of you would do some basic reading you would know that Walker’s anti Semitism has nothing to do with her critique of Zionism. I am not conflating these things. Read her blog, note the anti Semitic writers she values, and Jesus Christ, face reality. https://t.co/NLdt6lrcX8 â€" roxane gay (@rgay) December 18, 2018 But we also need to hear Alice when she tells us plainly that that essential work does not mean that she is a person whose every word is gospel. Alice Walker is a writer who exposed the flaws of white feminism and who demanded intersectionality and equal footing for black voices. She is also a woman who is far from intersectional when it comes to her Jewish sisters. She is a writer who laid bare realities of racism, misogyny, and institutional power imbalances. She is also a woman who promoted a book that draws upon  The Protocols of the Elders of Zion, an anti-Semitic screed. Keep  The Color Purple, but stop letting Alice Walker air her hatred for another marginalized community. Hold womanism in one hand and combat anti-Semitism with the other. Immerse yourself in her essays from before, but dont miss out on her daughters book, Black, White, and Jewish, which adds some nuance and context to her wordsâ€"and which approaches Judaism with the thoughtfulness that is sorely missing in all of Alices mentions of my tradition and my people. Early Alice Walker deserves to be be heard, and read, and celebratedâ€"right up until the point where she expresses hatred for others. Alice Walker now, whos airing her hatred for Jewish people with David Ickeian fervor, deserves to be called out. It is not easy to hold our literary giants to account, but I am grateful for those who are finally doing that hard work.

The Catcher in the Rye Relative to the 1950s Essay

The Catcher in the Rye Relative to the 1950s The Catcher in the Rye can be strongly considered as one of the greatest novels of all time and Holden Caufield distinguishes himself as one of the greatest and most diverse characters. His moral system and his sense of justice force him to detect horrifying flaws in the society in which he lives. However, this is not his principle difficulty. His principle difficulty is not that he is a rebel, or a coward, nor that he hates society, it is that he has had many experiences and he remembers everything. Salinger indicates this through Holdens confusion of time throughout the novel. Experiences at Whooten, Pency, and Elkton Hills combine and no levels of time separate them. This†¦show more content†¦I mean if theyre running and they dont look were theyre going I have to come out from somewhere and catch them. Thats all I have to do all day. Id just be the Catcher in the Rye and all. I know its crazy, but thats the only thing Id really like to be. I know its crazy(Salinger 173). Holden exhibits the madness described before at often times throughout the book and in the end it ends up sending him to a sanitarium. He knows he has become mad and he even tells himself this many times in the book; but he never really believes it. One time in the book when he displays this madnes s is, Wadsworth 4. But Im crazy I swear to God I am. About halfway to the bathroom, I started pretending I had a bullet in my guts. Old Maurice had plugged me. Now I was on the way to the bathroom to get a good shot of bourbon. I pictured myself with my automatic in my pocket, and staggering a little bit. Id walk down a couple of floors-holding on to my guts, blood leaking all over the place. As soon as old Maurice opened the doors hed start screaming at me. But Id plug him anyway(Salinger 103-4). This explains the psychotically disturbing actions Holden takes in this novel. Holden becomes obsessed with death and dying, and several times in the book he wishes he was dead. Again, Holden cant stay away from the subject of the death of family members and the decay of the corpse. Even when he later goes to the Museum ofShow MoreRelatedAnalysis of A Catcher In the Ryes Holden Caulfield: Enemy of Himself1686 Words   |  7 PagesJerome David Salinger’s only novel, The Catcher in the Rye, is based on the life events shaping main character, Holden Caulfield, into the troubled teen that is telling the story in 1950. The theme of the story is one of emotional disconnection felt by the alienated teenagers of this time period. The quote, â€Å" I didn’t know anyone there that was splendid and clear thinking and all† (Salinger 4) sets the tone that Holden cannot find a connection with anyone around him and that he is on a lonely endeavorRead MoreA Socially Acceptable Form Of Schizophrenia1055 Words   |  5 Pagesstill be acceptable. J.D. Salinger writes The Catcher in the Rye to tell about Holden Caulfield s misadventures in a 1950’s New York. After Holden, the narrator and protagonist, is expelled from yet another boarding school, he hides it from his parents. Mental illness plagues Holden’s life, and at the end of the book, he ends up in a mental hospital in California. Holden Caulfield could be diagnosed with schizophrenia because in The Catcher in the Rye, he exhibits signs of the illness, such as frequentRead MoreLanguage Catcher in the Rye4730 Words   |  19 PagesThe American Dialect Society The Language of The Catcher in the Rye Author(s): Donald P. Costello Source: American Speech, Vol. 34, No. 3 (Oct., 1959), pp. 172-181 Published by: Duke University Press Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/454038 . Accessed: 30/01/2011 11:19 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTORs Terms and Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp. JSTORs Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in partRead MoreThe Cinematic Features Displayed in Pleasantville and The Truman Show1733 Words   |  7 Pagesevery person can be controlled is because they are all actors, every single person apart from Truman. His friends, family, and even his wife are all told exactly what to do. Everything controlled by one man, Christof. He has many titles relative to this world. He is The Creator, The Director, The Controller, The Mastermind, The Producer and God. He is also probably more of a father to Truman than anything else looking on him as a son. As I said in the last paragraph itRead MoreChildrens Literature13219 Words   |  53 Pagesalso promoted stories that reflected the real world in collections such as her Here and Now Storybook (1921). This newfound interest in age-specific material led to the creation of the widely used Dick and Jane readers (1930–1965) developed by William S. Gray and Zerna Sharp and distributed by Scott Foreman and Company. Dr. Seusss The Cat in the Hat (1957) was written as a creative alternative to such basal readers, although it was also designed as a controlled vocabulary book. While Lothar Meggendorfer

Hispanic Habits And Attitudes Towards Drinking - 1840 Words

Belin Romero SOC 4850-Prof. Park Literature Review 10/7/15 Hispanics habits and attitudes towards drinking US born Latinos have higher rates of alcohol use than Latino immigrants but, not enough is known about drinking patterns of Latinos before their migration to the USA. I will be reviewing and comparing drinking habits and attitudes of different Latino population. In addition, this paper will attempt to further explore in which capacity do Latinos drinking habits and patterns cause concern and what are the underlying factors associated with such drinking habits. Hispanics are one of the largest and most rapidly growing populations in the United States; they make up â€Å"16% or 50 million people† (statistics.org) and continue growing†¦show more content†¦How Much Do Hispanics Drink? How much Hispanics drink depends on their cultural upbringing or beliefs regarding drinking behavior. Not all Hispanics are the same and not all Hispanics have the same beliefs towards drinking. Drinking habits among Hispanics depends on what is socially acceptable in their respective countries but, here in the United States drinking for Hispanics have different meanings. According to (AA.org) the drinking habits and patters of consumptions among Latinos changes due to many circumstances. â€Å"One reason that some Hispanics drink more than others here in the USA depends on factors such as accessibility and affordability†. Secondly, because of isolation from their loved ones they become more susceptible to engage in risky drinking habits than in their countries. In most Hispanic cultures drinking revolves around gatherings with friends, celebrations of all types but, it is done in moderation however; due to the isolation or being away from family drinking can lead to alcoholism for some. Another huge reason for the patterns of drinking is due to something called acculturation which; is adapting or learning, trying to adapt to other values, beliefs or behavior of a new culture such as the one in the united states. Acculturation is hard for anyone and trying to adjust to a new culture while killing part of their

Roman Society and Medieval Society The Comparison Free Essays

There are many distinct differences between Medieval society as illustrated by Achen in 800 AD and Roman society as illustrated by Pompeii in 79 AD, with some similarities. There are many aspects to examine, such as education, religion, tolerance, social classes, materialism, view of time, infra-structure, trade and cities. The first difference to look at is cities and that they were structured differently. We will write a custom essay sample on Roman Society and Medieval Society: The Comparison or any similar topic only for you Order Now In Pompeii, there was the patrician and plebeians. In Achen, classes were different, although the Christian church viewed everyone as equal. The classes contained and separated lords, knights, peasants and serfs. One thing common between these cities were slaves. Education is another part of these cultures. In Pompeii, many of the citizens were literate and schooling began at an early age. In Achen, even Charlemange couldn†t read or write, although he made repeated attempts to revive learning. The people who were literate were mainly monks. Religion is another difference between the cultures. In Pompeii, religion was based on polytheism, whereas in Achen it was monotheistic because most were Christian. From religion comes another aspect, that of tolerance. In Achen, there was no tolerance or acceptance of other religions. In Pompeii, they mostly were accepting. Materialism consumed people of Pompeii. For example, during the eruption of Vesuvius, citizens could be seen running away carrying all their valuable gold jewelry and belongings. In Achen, there was the Christian belief that you should die a pauper because your afterlife is what mattered. Afterlife is what affected the people of Achen†s view of time. They were thinking about heaven and their life in eternity. In Pompeii, people were concerned with their every day life and chores. Another part of the cultures to compare is infra-structure. In Pompeii, they had aqueducts, which was an advanced water piping system and stone roads. In Achen, the most they had was ruins of the Roman civilization. This relates to the affect of trade in the time periods. In Pompeii, trade was bustling because of the easy transportation on roads. For Achen, there was no trade at all. They were most concerned with providing enough food for themselves. This makes another difference between the two places. Pompeii was a busy, fairly-sized city. Achen was merely a village, hardly busy in the least. There are many more things to compare between Achen and Pompeii. But from what is represented in my essay, it is clear how far from similar Achen and Pompeii are. How to cite Roman Society and Medieval Society: The Comparison, Papers Roman Society and Medieval Society The Comparison Free Essays There are many distinct differences between Medieval society as illustrated by Achen in 800 AD and Roman society as illustrated by Pompeii in 79 AD, with some similarities. There are many aspects to examine, such as education, religion, tolerance, social classes, materialism, view of time, infra-structure, trade and cities. The first difference to look at is cities and that they were structured differently. We will write a custom essay sample on Roman Society and Medieval Society: The Comparison or any similar topic only for you Order Now In Pompeii, there was the patrician and plebeians. In Achen, classes were different, although the Christian church viewed everyone as equal. The classes contained and separated lords, knights, peasants and serfs. One thing common between these cities were slaves. Education is another part of these cultures. In Pompeii, many of the citizens were literate and schooling began at an early age. In Achen, even Charlemange couldn†t read or write, although he made repeated attempts to revive learning. The people who were literate were mainly monks. Religion is another difference between the cultures. In Pompeii, religion was based on polytheism, whereas in Achen it was monotheistic because most were Christian. From religion comes another aspect, that of tolerance. In Achen, there was no tolerance or acceptance of other religions. In Pompeii, they mostly were accepting. Materialism consumed people of Pompeii. For example, during the eruption of Vesuvius, citizens could be seen running away carrying all their valuable gold jewelry and belongings. In Achen, there was the Christian belief that you should die a pauper because your afterlife is what mattered. Afterlife is what affected the people of Achen†s view of time. They were thinking about heaven and their life in eternity. In Pompeii, people were concerned with their every day life and chores. Another part of the cultures to compare is infra-structure. In Pompeii, they had aqueducts, which was an advanced water piping system and stone roads. In Achen, the most they had was ruins of the Roman civilization. This relates to the affect of trade in the time periods. In Pompeii, trade was bustling because of the easy transportation on roads. For Achen, there was no trade at all. They were most concerned with providing enough food for themselves. This makes another difference between the two places. Pompeii was a busy, fairly-sized city. Achen was merely a village, hardly busy in the least. There are many more things to compare between Achen and Pompeii. But from what is represented in my essay, it is clear how far from similar Achen and Pompeii are. How to cite Roman Society and Medieval Society: The Comparison, Papers

The Positive and Negative Effects of Mongol Practice and Belief Sample Essay Example For Students

The Positive and Negative Effects of Mongol Practice and Belief Sample Essay The Mongol imperium was the world’s largest imperium. The Mongol’s patterns and beliefs had both positive and negative effects. The big Mongolian imperium promoted communicating and diverseness ; nevertheless. despite this positive consequence. the Mongolian imperium housed the deceases of many guiltless people. In add-on to this. the Mongol imperium fostered assorted faiths. but enforced the same patterns on everyone. no affair what faith they may follow ; this brought order amongst the Mongolian imperium. We will write a custom essay on The Positive and Negative Effects of Mongol Practice and Belief Sample specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The Mongolian imperium was. and still is to this twenty-four hours. the largest imperium known to adult male ( Doc 1 ) . Under the Mongolians. communicating was vastly improved ( Doc 6 ) . There is a possibility that papers 6 is biased. Document 6 came from the Golden Horde. which was a Mongolian state. Since this papers came from the Mongolians. this papers is nil but positive feedback of the Mongolian imperium. So everything written in this papers may non be exactly true ; it could be â€Å"candy-coated† to give the feeling that the Mongolian imperium was an astonishing imperium. and that nil but good derived from it. The betterment of this communicating was fostered by the system of station Equus caballuss ( Doc 8 ) . The system of station Equus caballuss is a centre that has many roads widening from it into different states. and these roads are filled with yams. or posting Stationss. every 25 stat mis. which are filled with three to four 100 Equus caballuss ( Doc 8 ) . The Khan’s. or the Mongolian emperor’s. courier ( s ) travels/ travel this station Equus caballus system. commanding nevertheless many Equus caballuss needed. in add-on to â€Å"spreading the word† ( Doc 8 ) . In bend. this communicating amongst many different states gave rise to variegation. For illustration. Iranian viticulture ( winemaking ) thrived under the Mongols. every bit good as the Iranian silk industry. which thrived under the Mongols due to their conquering because it opened up contacts with other states. such as China ( Doc 6 ) . Despite the benefit of communicating and variegation under the Mongolian imperium. this imperium fostered the deceases of many guiltless victims. After the Mongols would plunder a metropolis. they would drive out the city’s citizens and chop off their caputs. and after the caputs were they would screen the caputs into hemorrhoids: one for work forces. one for adult females. and so one for kids ( Doc 4 ) . In some instances they even buried people alive inverted ( Doc 5 ) ! However. this papers. papers 5. may be biased. This papers came from a Iranian manuscript. so the Persians could hold over exaggerated the stringency of the Mongols and portrayed them as wicked people. It is really possible that the Persians could hold does this particularly if they despised the Mongols for taking over their land. Very few people survived. if any were to hold survived. so the subsisters were most likely craftsmans or slaves. since the Mongols sought them out before they began to slay the city’s dwellers with an axe ( Doc 3 ) . However. dwellers of metropoliss were non the lone 1s who suffered blackwash ; soldiers of the Mongolian ground forces suffered manslaughter every bit good. In the Mongolian ground forces there was a captain who oversaw 10 soldiers. so there was a captain supervised one hundred soldiers. and so on ( Doc. 2 ) . If a few work forces out of a group of 10s were to run off. so all of the 10 work forces would be put to decease ( Doc 2 ) . Same applies to work forces in a group of one hundred ; if ten work forces were to fly from a group of one 100. so every adult male. from that group of one hundred work forces. would be put to decease ( Doc 2 ) . This type of barbarous order applied to many fortunes. whether it was soldiers running off. non contending boldly. or non de livering their captured comrades ( Doc 2 ) . .u826b043b2195a6f0f44ff360d513787e , .u826b043b2195a6f0f44ff360d513787e .postImageUrl , .u826b043b2195a6f0f44ff360d513787e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u826b043b2195a6f0f44ff360d513787e , .u826b043b2195a6f0f44ff360d513787e:hover , .u826b043b2195a6f0f44ff360d513787e:visited , .u826b043b2195a6f0f44ff360d513787e:active { border:0!important; } .u826b043b2195a6f0f44ff360d513787e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u826b043b2195a6f0f44ff360d513787e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u826b043b2195a6f0f44ff360d513787e:active , .u826b043b2195a6f0f44ff360d513787e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u826b043b2195a6f0f44ff360d513787e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u826b043b2195a6f0f44ff360d513787e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u826b043b2195a6f0f44ff360d513787e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u826b043b2195a6f0f44ff360d513787e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u826b043b2195a6f0f44ff360d513787e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u826b043b2195a6f0f44ff360d513787e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u826b043b2195a6f0f44ff360d513787e .u826b043b2195a6f0f44ff360d513787e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u826b043b2195a6f0f44ff360d513787e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: What Cheating Means To Me EssayThe Mongolian imperium adopted many faiths. and out of these faiths the most dominant were Christianity. Islam. and Buddhism ( Doc 9 ) . Despite the diverseness in faith. every individual. no affair what their faith. was obligated to follow the same rules. The followers are some rules the people populating under the Mongolians had to follow: non to acquire drunk more than three times per month. non to perpetrate criminal conversation. non to perpetrate larceny. and to be respectful and sharing towards one another ( Doc 10 ) . Besides work forces could get married as many married womans as they could maintain ; nevertheless. they had to do cer tain they did non get married their female parent ( s ) . sister ( s ) . or girl ( s ) ( Doc 10 ) . Women. who were married womans. were to do certain that whenever their hubby was to go forth the house. to travel runing or to contend in a war. that they maintained the family ( Doc 10 ) . By everyone following these rules order was maintained throughout the Mongolian imperium. Robbers and stealers were non found throughout the Mongol imperium ; hence. houses and carts. in which people stored their wealth. did non hold locks or bolts ( Doc 7 ) . An extra papers that would be helpful would be a journal of a mediocre Mongol citizen. Many of the provided paperss are from high Mongolian functionaries or Persians. which could be biased. Knowing the life of an ordinary Mongolian citizen would paint a better image of how Mongolian life was. It could explicate what society was like. what conditions people lived in. how frequently people were killed. and so on. Wholly the Mongolian Empire was balanced ; they were neither truly good nor truly bad. They had a twosome of positive influences. such as their promotion in communicating and variegation. every bit good as they maintained order throughout their imperium. However. the Mongolian imperium proved to be a effect in that they killed so many guiltless people.

Is Going to College a Waste of Time

Is Going to College a Waste of Time Your whole life, you have been conditioned to believe that you will only get a good job and be successful if you say those four magic words: I’m going to college. More and more researches support the idea that it’s not necessarily true. In fact, although college graduates are more likely to have a higher wage and more stable life, non-college graduates can be just as happy and successful with the right attitude. A Self-Made Life: Can You Survive Without a Degree? Think about it. How many entrepreneurs, thought leaders, and successful businessmen have dropped out of college or never even attended? And, we’re not talking about no-name local success stories. Some of the richest men in the world (Facebook designer Mark Zuckerberg, Macintosh founder Steve Jobs, and Microsoft billionaire Bill Gates, just to name a few) dropped out of college to pursue their fame and fortune. In fact, as college costs rise and jobs become more competitive, college graduates are asking whether the 4-year investment of time and money is really worth it. In a recent Salon article, former Secretary of Labor Robert Reich eviscerates the higher education model as it currently stands. He says: â€Å"Too often in modern America, we equate â€Å"equal opportunity† with an opportunity to get a four-year liberal arts degree. It should mean an opportunity to learn what’s necessary to get a good job.† For many, that means getting a 2-year vocational degree, taking online courses, or starting their own passion-driven business. Since the unemployment rate for recent grads has increased dramatically since the 2007 recession, many savvy and driven students chose to create their own jobs and with amazing success. College-Bound: The Real Scoop Yet, dropping out of college or not attending is no guarantor of success. The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics shows that those who only receive a 2-year degree or less make almost half on average as those who get a 4-year degree. In addition, their unemployment rate is 30% higher on average. A recent report from the Economic Policy Institute shows that states with higher rates of college grads have corresponding wages and jobs, which means that more college grads actually bring up the wages for everyone else. Not only that, but having a college degree is one of the more basic requirements of getting and keeping a job. According to 2011 Pew Research study, 86% of post-graduate students say that their college degree was a good investment for them. Because so many students are getting college degrees, it is often necessary to have a 4-year degree just to stay competitive in many high-paying job markets. Graduating from college has more personally fulfilling benefits as well. According to Census Bureau statistics, people with college educations have almost half the divorce rate of their degree-free peers. Additionally, the recent Gallup-Healthways Well-Being Index survey, five of the happiest states on earth (Colorado, Minnesota, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Massachusetts) have the highest percentages of college graduates. So, What Really Does Makes a Success? Despite the clear benefits of a college education, most Americans agree that education is not as important as attitude. When asked what makes a person successful, the overwhelming response from the Pew Education survey was that hard work (61%) and getting along with people (57%) were more important than education alone (42%). Additionally, Richard St. John recently shared a TED Talk about his research into what makes people successful. In face-to-face interviews with over 500 successful people in every industry imaginable, he found eight key factors that determine success: Passion Hard Work Focus Pushing Boundaries Ideas Consistently Improving Service Persistence What does this mean for your life? It means that you can be happy and successful whether or not you get a college degree. It all depends on how you approach your life. Whether you choose to get a degree or not, you still need the same basic drive to succeed, people skills, and ability to adapt to change. Final Line You can be successful or unsuccessful regardless of whether you get a college degree. People who are dedicated to being successful in their education will get the benefits of the long-term stability and personal connections that degrees generally provide. Those who are dedicated to being successful outside of the walls of a college building can achieve amazing results as long as they work hard enough and have the vision to change the world. No matter what you choose: whether to pursue a degree or not, your true success comes from knowing what you want and making the sacrifices it takes to achieve your goals. And whatever path you choose, you’ll have satisfaction in your choice. Finally, you’ll be able to say those truly magical four words: I knew I could. Do you think it is worth going to college? What benefits and drawbacks of college do you see? Your opinion is always welcome here!

Free sample - Nature of Frost. translation missing

Nature of Frost. Nature of FrostThis essay centers in one of the renowned poet of the twentieth century of the United States of America known as Robert Frost. I have chosen two of his popular poems of his career. Briefly i have looked at his private life and his career life for the purposes of this essay so as to understand the person Robert Frost was and his works. The biography in this essay is giving an account of the life of Robert Frost and how his career spanned during his lifetime. Frost was born in San Francisco, where he lived for the first eleven years of his life. Upon his father's death, a journalist, he moved with his mother and sister to Massachusetts near his paternal grandparents. His first poems he wrote as a student at Lawrence High School, he later was to marry, Elinor Miriam White in 1895. He entered Dartmouth College in 1892 but was there hardly a term; he retuned home to work at various jobs, such as factory-hand, newspaperman and teaching. In 1894 he sold the first poem, 'My Butterfly: An Elegy', to a New York magazine, The Independent. Both Frost and his wife taught school for some time, then in 1897 Frost joined Harvard College as a special student for a short period. He performed quite well at Harvard, but at the time his health became uncertain, he rejoined his wife in Lawrence. At the time his wife was expecting their second child. In October of 1900 his family settled on a farm in New Hampshire, bought for him by his grandfather. Over the next nine years, he wrote many poems that would constitute his first published volumes. Besides writing he tried his hand in poultry farming though not too successful. In 1906 he started teaching English at Pinkerton Academy, a high school in New Hampshire. During this time two of his most accomplished early poems, 'The Tuft of Flowers' and 'The Trial by Existence', were published. At the time he and Elinor had produced six children, two of whom died as infants. In 1912 he sold his farm and sailed with his family Glasgow, settling in Beaconsfield outside London. During his life he did spectacular works writing many books, poems and plays which were published both in England and in America. However Frost having been a polished writer he really believed in his capabilities to thrill his readers with captivating works and Frost's own formulation to an American friend in 1914 is helpful in thinking about his achievement: he told the friend, Sidney Cox, that the true poet's pleasure lay in making ‘his own words as he goes' rather than depending upon words whose meanings were fixed: 'We write of things we see and we write in accents we hear. Thus we gather both our material and our technique with the imagination from life; and our technique becomes as much material as material itself.' It was this principle that Pound saluted in Frost when, in his review of North of Boston, he remarked conclusively: 'I know more of farm life than I did before I had read his poems (Terry 52). This essay is focusing on the works of Robert Frost, picking part of his work to analyze literary and their application in the real life situations which gives reader a feel of someone who committed his whole educating people about the experiences of life and how to cope with challenge as we live.   One of the works of Robert Frost is his poem of 1916 known as 'The Road Not Taken'. In this particular work   can be interpreted in two perspectives. The first perspective is based on a personal interpretation of the works. This depicts how an individual can exercise his or her own independence and self reliance without necessarily involving other people in their decision making. Critically speaking in this work Robert Frost portrays and individual literary who is confronted by life situation to make a choice between two options which are a life challenge as well. The individual is seen first taking a look at the available options and evaluating the best available option though he does not know exactly what lies ahead in either of these options, the individual is convinced that whatever decision he is going to make will meet his desires and goals and therefore there is no need for any influence from third parties such as society and family members (Pritchard 15). In this work Frost also depicts the individual as having taken a decision and convinced that he had made the right decision soldiered on and true to his convictions that thy shall not regret about a decision once made it turns out that he had actually made a decision of his life time and in deed it was a good decision and that he has actually had great benefits. This work centers on encouraging individuals to face life boldly and never fear any challenges in life.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Always assess the situation within your self and do not shy away from taking decisions for it only you who can exercise your personal desires and goal while ignoring other influences. In political philosophy, individualism theory of government is such that they should protect individual liberty to act as they wish, so long as they do not infringe the liberties of others. There is what is termed as collectivist political theories, where, rather than having individuals to pursue their own ends, the governm ent ensures that the individual serves the whole society. This is a contrast to the individual liberties. The second perspective is mainly an ironic interpretation of the works. The ironic interpretation is that the poem is about making choices and rationalizing the decisions we hold with high esteem or regret .In this view, "The Road Not Taken" "is perhaps a famous example of the author's own claims to conscious irony. In the American poetry of a wolf in sheep's clothing, Frost warned â€Å"be careful of this one; it's a tricky poem – very tricky. According to this poem is made to a gentle jab at his friend and fellow poet Edward Thomas, with whom he used to take walks through the forest. Thomas always commented at the end-we should have taken different paths and seemed amused at the interpretation of the poem as inspirational. It also gives us the vigor to continually face life with an open mind so as to take up the consequences which may arise as a result of a decision or decisions we have made in life. In this interpretation it is in order to the view that the end justifies t he means (Finger 478). In this interpretation it is seen as inspirational in life and the works are taking life in another level where as one grows up they should know that they will face a life full of choices and these choices are about realizing ones desires and goals. Decision taking in life cannot be over emphasized in this piece of work and that whatever it whether an individual or the society as a whole they must face the choices available in life and take a decision which is in their best interests. However, if those decisions do not work in their favor they should face the repercussions with their heads high, for this is a show of taking responsibility in whatever actions one takes in life. It is the sociological element in this work which is of great interest since this may lead us to look at a political perspective because the society decision making may have to be shaped by a certain political leadership or dispensation. The society will depend largely on decisions made at position of leadership to look after the society's desires and goals and so their political, economic, social independence and self reliance as opposed to individualized decision taking which is informed by personal convictions. There are also situations whereby the society is segmented in groups in which case the decisions taken by a particular group will be informed by common goals of that particular group and decisions will always be taken in a unanimous agreement amongst the members of that particular group of people. The belief in the importance of the freedom of individuals also termed to as liberalism which is widely accepted in the United States of America and most western countries where i ndividuals are given the liberty to make personal decisions without the interference of the state is widely rejected by religious faiths such as Islam and many countries in Asia. The two interpretations are interrelated with the decisions we make in relationships. These decisions about relationships and family will largely be informed by individual pursuit for personal satisfaction or by societal affiliations. The same can also be affected by certain political aspects of groups and regulations of government. For example there are countries which permit gay relationships and others which are very strict that relationships should be purely between two adults of opposite sex. This political aspect will shape the kind of decisions one will make in relation with love and family. The society groupings will also shape these decisions since culturally they are bound to a certain way of life and that informs their daily life. Robert Frost in his poem 'Out, Out-''(1916) he is looking at death as speaks about a young man who dies as a result of injuries on body where his arm is severed off by a buzz saw. Death is the act of life ending. Naturally death is usually sudden and has devastating effects to the individual, family and the society at large which in ancient and modern society ist received with shock. In the United States of America a person is dead if a certificate is certified by a licensed medical practitioner. In literal interpretation of this work frost is depicting death as something which is investable and may occur at any time. It is also pointing out that death can occur to any person young and old alike. The young man dies minutes just before they could up their activities of the day. The way the death occurs is such that even the sister could not save him from being injured, and upon injuries even the presence of a professional doctor could not save the life of the young. The doctor tries to resuscitate the young man but all in vain (Parin 64). Death is also depicted as something which is individualistic and cannot be passed to someone else and cannot be shared to educe it severe effects on an individual. The young man dies in the presence of his dear sister who could not help out or even share the death effects. When death occurs different people receive the news with a lot of sorrow and tears and at times some waves of grief. The effects of death are adverse since when a family member dies and has been the bread winner of the family what it means is that the family will experience difficulties in terms of paying for their bills, it also causes emotional problems due to the loss of loved ones. Death has economic and social effects in the society when it occurs on persons who are on the productive age. It can also lead to low production as it affects labor as a factor of production when it occurs as a pandemic. However, in his work here Frost shows that death can be stopped if a little caution is exercised, had the elder and experienced operators of the buzz saw worked closely with the young man (Parin 64).   Coping with death in the modern society is varied and it entails a list of therapeutic measures which have been formulated to deal with the effects. These measures includes counseling, stress management and stress therapies to the affected persons so as to torn down the effects and help the affected persons deal with the loss. In his work Frost, he shows that once death occurs in as much as the affected have to deal with the loss, he points out that life has to continue for those who are living. Whether it occurs to loved ones life has to continue anyway and that once death occurs the next thin is to deal with the challenges ahead as a living person and the dead are dead no more. It also cites that death used to occur in the olden days and it occurrence did not mean that life will stop. In this poem it is cited that after the boy's heart is felt as it beats slowly dying and the doctor confirms the boy's life was no more and he informs the rest of the person present they are seen walking away in clear indication that life has to continue. In conclusion, Robert Frost works although some critics challenge his work based on literary perspective and criticism have helped people face life challenges will force and power and that as one continues to read his works you get the feeling that this is connecting you with real life situations. Finger, L. "Frost's "The Road Not Taken": A 1925 Letter Come to Light". American Literature 50 (3):   November 1978).   478–479'' Grant, R. Frost’s Destiny. New Hampshire: Time Books, 1924. Holt, D. Frost’s Poems. Chicago: Peterson Books, 1923. Parini, J. Robert Frost: A Life. London: Macmillan, 2000.   Pritchard, W.   "On "The Road Not Taken"". Illinois: University of Illinois, 2001. Pritchard, W.   Frost's Life and Career. New York: Routledge, 2000. Terry, D. The Oxford Companion to Twentieth-century Poetry in English. Oxford:   Oxford   University Press, 1994.

Cameras make art less valuable Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Cameras make art less valuable - Essay Example nted images but people have started seeing it this way and for this reason Camera Art is becoming more popular and the painted art is becoming less valuable. It is easy to capture the same moment again but is it impossible to capture the same feeling again. With the introduction of camera art the audience is losing the general sense of imagination, a place that exists in real and can be seen by the naked eye. As compared to painted art which cannot be recreated, even if the same image is being reproduced by the same artist it will give another feel all together. The beauty of art is it explains the inner deep emotions of the painter, an image which might or might not exist in the real life, an imagination that might or might not create a meaning. The way we see things is interpretation of what we know or believe about it. From the image of sunset to the creation of the concept of heaven and hell, everything was assumed to be an imagination in the minds of the creator. Even if the sunset can be seen but the color and added creation was what made the painting an art. Art also evolved over time and when the definitions of the concepts changed the same was reflected onto canvas. We see a same person different and complete if we are in love with him, the feeling of love creates a perfect image because everyone wants to see a complete image of the person they fall for. The sight of camera art is limited to what we see in real life, they cannot create images that do not exist, they can create images that are special for one and ordinary for others, they can even create the feel of the place. They limit the imagination of the thinker and audience; they limit it because a person can use his five senses to actually see the place instead of thinking beyond. It isolates the thinking because it can only be thought of way it is projected; the click of the moment explains the essence of the picture taken. It is mechanically recreating of stimuli. When we see a painting we are

The causes of the current aberrant weather patterns Essay

The causes of the current aberrant weather patterns - Essay Example Hence, a change in the weather pattern occurs. 2. Changes to Earth’s Orbit – For thousands of years, the earth got considered as a natural cycle that results to aberrant weather patterns. Its effect is extremely low. The tilting of the axis, the orbit’s shape and the rotation of the earth, affected the quantity of solar energy entering the earth causing atmosphere imbalances (Spencer, page 57). 3. Greenhouse Gas Emissions – Human industrialization has caused more to the environment. Industries produce some of the most toxic gas effluents to the atmosphere. These gases include carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide and many other gases. Carbon dioxide gets produced in surplus to the atmosphere leading to capturing of heat (Spencer, page 50). This causes imbalance to average temperature of the atmosphere. Hence, it leads to the aberrant weather pattern. 4. Pollution - Some of gases, such as sulfur dioxide results to depletion of the ozone layer. This results to entry of more harmful and powerful to the atmosphere causing global warming, which in turn leads to aberrant weather patterns (Spencer, page

Narco-Terror: the United States, the Drug War, and the War on Terror

Narco-Terror: the United States, the Drug War, and the War on Terror Introduction The United States has had a long-standing policy of intervening in the affairs of other nations when the country has thought it within its best interests to do so. Since the 1970’s the United States has tried to impose its will on other nations to combat the most pressing political enemy of the day often linking the war on drugs to the matter to stoke support both domestically and abroad. In the times of the Cold War, this enemy was communism and the government tried to make the connection of the â€Å"Red Dope Menace† insinuating drug links with China, Castro’s Cuba, and the Sandinistas in Nicaragua. However, as the world has evolved and communism’s prominence has waned, there is a new enemy whose existence has become intertwined with the drug war. That enemy is terrorism. The connection has gone so far that politicians and journalists have coined a new term to describe the link calling this new problem of our time â€Å"Narco-terror.† This pa per will examine US efforts to control the drug trade and fight terrorism in Colombia, Peru, Afghanistan and the desired and often undesired consequences that have come about because of those efforts. Colombia Narcoterrorism has a long past in the history of Colombia, focusing mainly on the market development of one drug: cocaine. Colombia, with its arid tropical climate and lush land, is an ideal place for the sowing and reaping of the coca plant whose extracts are synthesized into the powder cocaine drug. As Colombian cocaine production skyrocketed in the 1970’s and 1980’s thanks to booming demand for the product in Americas, drug kingpins in Colombia began to wield immense power in the country. ... ... Connection Between Drugs and Terror.† June 20, 2002. 10. Sly, Liz â€Å"Opium Cash Fuels Terror†¦Ã¢â‚¬  February 9, 2004. 11. â€Å"Colombia’s Crimson Night.† 12. Gray, Mike. â€Å"Drugs and Terrorism.† 13. Bureau of Western Hemisphere Affairs. â€Å"Plan Colombia.† March 14, 2001. 14. Taylor, Robert â€Å"Peru: Sendero on the Offensive – in Court† April 2003. 15. â€Å"Sendero Luminoso Attacks.†

8 Stages of Social Development

Social development theory attempts to explain qualitative changes in the structure and framework of society, that help the society to better realize its aims and objectives. Development can be broadly defined in a manner applicable to all societies at all historical periods as an upward ascending movement featuring greater levels of energy, efficiency, quality, productivity, complexity, comprehension, creativity, mastery, enjoyment and accomplishment. Development is a process of social change, not merely a set of policies and programs instituted for some specific results.This process has been going on since the dawn of history. But during the last five centuries it has picked up in speed and intensity, and during the last five decades has witnessed a marked surge in acceleration. [2] The basic mechanism driving social change is increasing awareness leading to better organization. Life evolves by consciousness and consciousness in turn progresses by organization. When society senses n ew and better opportunities for progress it accordingly develops new forms of organization to exploit these new openings successfully.The new forms of organization are better able to harness the available social energies and skills and resources to use the opportunities to get the intended results. Development is governed by many factors that influence the results of developmental efforts. There must be a motive that drives the social change and essential preconditions for that change to occur. The motive must be powerful enough to overcome obstructions that impede that change from occurring. Development also requires resources such as capital, technology, and supporting infrastructure.Development is the result of society's capacity to organize human energies and productive resources to meet challenges and opportunities. Society passes through well-defined stages in the course of its development. They are nomadic hunting and gathering, rural agrarian, urban, commercial, industrial, and post-industrial societies. Pioneers introduce new ideas, practices, and habits that conservative elements initially resist. At a later stage, innovations are accepted, imitated, organized, and used by other members of the community.Organizational improvements introduced to support the innovations can take place simultaneously at four different levels—physical, social, mental, and psychological. Moreover four different types of resources are involved in promoting development. Of these four, physical resources are most visible, but least capable of expansion. Productivity of resources increases enormously as the quality of organization and level of knowledge inputs rise.Erikson's stages of psychosocial developmentErikson's stages of psychosocial development, as articulated by Erik Erikson, explain eight stages through which a healthily developing human should pass from infancy to late adulthood. In each stage, the person confronts, and hopefully masters, new challenges. Eac h stage builds upon the successful completion of earlier stages. The challenges of stages not successfully completed may be expected to reappear as problems in the future. However, mastery of a stage is not required to advance to the next stage.Erikson's stage theory characterizes an individual advancing through the eight life stages as a function of negotiating his or her biological forces and sociocultural forces. Each stage is characterized by a psychosocial crisis of these two conflicting forces (as shown in the table below). If an individual does indeed successfully reconcile these forces (favoring the first mentioned attribute in the crisis), he or she emerges from the stage with the corresponding virtue. For example, if an infant enters into the toddler stage (autonomy vs.  shame & doubt) with more trust than mistrust, he or she carries the virtue of hope into the remaining life stages.Stages of psychosocial developmentStages of Social Development In this post Cold War and postmodern age, we are asking serious questions regarding the preeminence of rigid ideologies, national boundaries, proprietary interests, technological utopias and naive, egalitarian demands in crafting the next global mesh. We hear all of these voices. We register all of the claims. We record all of the â€Å"truths. † We see all of the demonstrations and displays of street theatre.But, we have a sense they all stream from the Tower of Babel. No wonder the realities are so diverse; the thoughts so confusing, the solutions so divisive. It is as if all six billion people have climbed on top of the Tower and are now shouting slogans at us. All seem to want a place in the sun, a position in the niche, and free tickets to Disney World. If one were to do a content analysis of all the books and articles written on the global gaps, or arguments presented in academic or think tank settings, or even the political dialogue in national parliaments or international summits, we would see several clear and distinct patterns.Capitalism is great or greedy. Socialism is humane or harmful. Technology is a blessing or a curse. The rich are that way because they worked hard or simply won life's lottery. The poor are that way because they are undisciplined or oppressed by the rich. Economic redistribution will level the playing field or dumb down global intelligences. Which is it? Most of the discussions center around competing economic models, open political access, mandated equality of opportunity and results, and a host of other external, top-down solutions.Arguments grow in emotional intensity around the size and distribution of budgets. Money becomes the magic elixir that will cure all ills. If we build attractive places for all to live the â€Å"losers† will be transformed into â€Å"winners† by simply changing street addresses. New rules and regulations will transform hearts and minds. Everybody will benefit from the rising tides of prosperity as the f ree market makes global waves. Everybody will benefit from the largess of big government, using taxes to fund social work schemes.And, of course, brilliant technological innovations will bring the Internet into each and every home, with or without electricity. Right. But, why haven't these policies worked in the past? Look at Africa. Look at Haiti. Look at the Balkans. Look at Russia. Look at the Mississippi Delta. Look at Yorkshire's coal mining villages. Look at American Indian reservations. Look at the huddled masses everywhere yearning for a loaf of bread. Look at India's Calcutta kids. Look at border sweat shops and urban cesspools. Look at the number of â€Å"minority† teenagers in American prisons.In spite of all of the money spent, expectations raised, programs imposed, â€Å"good deeds† celebrated and â€Å"good works† performed, our problems persist. Why? The central thesis of this document is that external approaches designed to improve the human cond ition are faulted unless they also include, as parallel and simultaneous tracks, the essential steps and stages in interior social development. In short, economic, political, and technological efforts must correlate with the levels of complexity of thinking within individuals and entire cultures.Unless the external efforts match, in their respective operating codes, the existing capacities within leadership cadres and the general population in specific countries, they will make things worse, not better. Like the deep sea diver who gets the bends by coming up too rapidly, or runs out of air if the ascent is delayed too long, entire societies are vulnerable to this too much: too little dynamic. This discussion will describe 1. the eight stages of social development; 2. the economic and political models appropriate to each stage; and 3.twelve postulates to employ in the search for global cohesion in this age of societal fragmentation.EIGHT STAGES OF SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT: How Cultures Eme rge A social stage is more like an emerging wave than a rigid step. Each stage is simply a temporary, transitional plateau that forms in individual and collective minds. Some call them â€Å"paradigms† or â€Å"levels of psychological existence. † In other writings I refer to them as valueMEMES or bio/psycho/social/spiritual DNA-type scripts that inculcate their codes throughout a culture, and even migrate around the planet on CNN and in 747s.These are fluid, living systems rather than rigid hierarchical steps. They form into spirals of complexity and exist within people, organizations, and entire societies. The terms â€Å"social stage,† â€Å"cultural wave,† â€Å"value system,† and â€Å"vMEME code† are synonymous. Cultures, as well as countries, are formed by the emergence of value systems (social stages) in the response to life conditions. Such complex adaptive intelligences form the glue that bonds a group together, defines who they ar e as a people, and reflects the place on the planet they inhabit.These cultural waves, much like the Russian dolls (a doll embedded within a doll embedded within a doll) have formed, over time, into unique mixtures and blends of instructional and survival codes, myths of origin, artistic forms, life styles, and senses of community. While they are all legitimate expressions of the human experience, they are not â€Å"equal† in their capacities to deal with complex problems in society. Yet, the detectable social stages within cultures are not Calvinistic scripts that lock us into choices against our will.Nor are they inevitable steps on a predetermined staircase, or magically appearing like crop circle structures in our collective psyche. And, cultures should not be seen as rigid types, having permanent traits. Instead, they are core adaptive intelligences that ebb and flow, progress and regress, with the capacity to lay on new levels of complexity (value systems) when conditio ns warrant. Much like an onion, they form layers on layers on layers. There is no final state, no ultimate destination, no utopian paradise.Each stage is but a prelude to the next, then the next, then the next. Each emerging social stage or cultural wave contains a more expansive horizon, a more complex organizing principle, with newly calibrated priorities, mindsets, and specific bottom-lines. All of the previously acquired social stages remain in the composite value system to determine the unique texture of a given culture, country, or society. In Ken Wilber's language, each new social stage â€Å"transcends but includes† all of those which have come before.Societies with the capacity to change, swing between I:Me:Mine and We:Us:Our poles. Tilts in one direction create the need to self-correct, thus causing a shift toward the opposite pole. Me decades become us epochs as we constantly spiral up, or spiral down in response to life conditions. Some social stages stress divers ity generators that reward individual initiatives and value human rights. Other social stages impose conformity regulators and reward cooperative, collective actions. Societies will zigzag between these two poles, thus embracing different models at each tilt.Once a new social stage appears in a culture, it will spread its instructional codes and life priority messages throughout that culture's surface-level expressions: religion, economic and political arrangements, psychological and anthropological theories, and views of human nature, our future destiny, globalization, and even architectural patterns and sports preferences. We all live in flow states; there is always new wine, always old wine skins. We, indeed, find ourselves pursuing a never-ending quest. THE LIVING STRATA IN OUR PSYCHO-CULTURAL ARCHEOLOGY Stage/ Wave Color Code Popular Name ThinkingCultural manifestations and personal displays 8 Turquoise WholeView Holistic collective individualism; cosmic spirituality; earth cha nges 7 yellow FlexFlow Ecological natural systems; self-principle; multiple realities; knowledge 6 Green HumanBond Consensus egalitarian; feelings; authentic; sharing; caring; community 5 Orange StriveDrive Strategic materialistic; consumerism; success; image; status; growth 4 Blue TruthForce Authority meaning; discipline; traditions; morality; rules; lives for later 3 Red PowerGods Egocentric gratification; glitz; conquest; action; impulsive; lives for now 2  Purple KinSpirits Animistic rites; rituals; taboos; super- stitions; tribes; folk ways & lore 1 Beige SurvivalSense Instinctive food; water; procreation; warmth; protection; stays alive.Here's the key idea.Different societies, cultures and subcultures, as well as entire nations are at different levels of psycho-cultural emergence, as displayed within these evolutionary levels of complexity. Yet, and here is a critical concept, the previously awakened levels do not disappear. Rather, they stay active within the value system s tacks, thus impacting the nature of the more complex systems.So, many of the same issues we confront on the West Bank (red to blue) can be found in South Central Los Angeles. One can experience the animistic (purple) worldview on Bourbon Street as well as in Zaire. Matters brought before city council in Minneapolis (orange to green to yellow) are not unlike the debates in front of governing bodies in the Netherlands. So-called Third World societies are dealing, for the most part, with issues within the beige to purple to red to blue zones, thus higher rates of violence and poverty.Staying alive, finding safety, and dealing with feudal age conditions matter most. Second World societies are characterized by authoritarian (blue) one-party states, whether from the right or the left. Makes no difference. So-called First World nations and groupings have achieved high levels of affluence, with lower birth rates, and more expansive use of technology. While centered in the strategic, free-ma rket driven, and individual liberty focused perspective — all traits of the Stage 5 (orange) worldview — new value systems (green, yellow, and turquoise) are emerging in the â€Å"postmodern† age.Yet, we have no language for anything beyond First World, believing that is the final state, the â€Å"end of history. † Further, there is a serious question as to whether the billions of people who are now exiting Second and Third World life styles can anticipate the same level of affluence as they see on First World television screens. And, what will happen to the environment if every Chinese family had a two-car garage? The World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, the GTO, and most multinational corporations reflect the blue-orange worldview codes of cultural discipline, financial accountability, and individual responsibility.Attacks are launched from three directions: Red zone activists, anarchists, and spoilers who love a good fight, and believe the Big Orange Money Machines are easy targets from which to exact tributes in various forms; Blue zone ideologies who defend the sacred against the secular and resent the intrusive technology and destruction of the holy orders and extol the purity of the faith, noble cause, and divine calling; and Green zone humanists and environmentalists who level charges of exploitation, greed, and selfishness, noting the eradication of indigenous cultures and the poisoning of the â€Å"pristine' environment by Big Mac golden arches.The WTO demonstrations were so confounding to so many because they combined these red, blue and green critiques into single anti-orange crusades. Capitalism and materialism were the twin villains; spirituality, sharing, and social equality, along with sustainability, were the noble virtues. There appeared to be no middle ground; no zone of rapprochement; no win:win alternative. Herein lies the global knot: the seemingly irreconcilable conflict between and among the haves, t he have nots, the have a little but want more, and the have a lot but are never content.There must be a better way. STRATIFIED DEMOCRACY: Managing the Global Mesh Stage/ Wave 1 Stage/ Wave 2 Stage/ Wave 3 Stage/ Wave 4 Stage/ Wave 5 Stage/ Wave 6 Stage/ Wave 7 Stage/ Wave 8 Beige Purple Red Blue Orange Green Yellow Turquoise POLITICAL SYSTEMS AND POWER DISTRIBUTION RATIOS survival clans Haiti tribal orders Somalia feudal empires Taliban authoritarian democracry Singapore multiparty democracy UK & US social democracy Netherlands stratified democracy holonic democracy Confederal unitary Federal unitary IntegralECONOMIC SYSTEMS AND RESOURCE DISTRIBUTION FORMULAS eat when hungry mutual reciprocity & kinship to victors belong the spoils the just earn the rewards each acts on own behalf to prosper all should benefit equally all formulas contribute to spiral health resources focus on all life As you can see, the projected bulge of global thinking is in the purple/red zones, with a somewhat smaller peak in the orange enclaves. Many are locked in the blue authoritarian flatland and are just now waking up to orange, â€Å"good life† possibilities.At the same time, the postmodern mindset is attacking orange materialism, living more lightly on the land, and searching for meaning in Navaho sweat lodges or excursions into variations on the spiritual theme. In his new book entitled The Cultural Creatives (Three Rivers Press; ISBN: 0609808451; October 2001), Paul Ray describes Heartland-Blue, Modernity-Orange, andCultural Creatives-Green. We add Integral-Yellow as the next developmental stage. There are different futures for different folks. The future of the Third World will be Second World â€Å"authority† before either First World autonomy or postmodern sensitivity become options.There are different futures for different folks along the evolutionary trajectory. â€Å"Democracy,† then, comes in many different variations, hues, and levels of complexity. Beware of imposing the form that fits a specific stage or zone on the Spiral onto other strata. This is an invitation to cultural disaster. There are good reasons why humans have created survival clans, ethnic tribes, feudal empires, ancient nations, corporate states, and value communities in our long bio-psycho-social-spiritual ascent. Robert D. Kaplan makes this point clearly in a lengthy essay â€Å"Was Democracy Just A Moment?†(The Atlantic Monthly, December 1997). He notes that authoritarian China (blue) is doing more for its citizens than democratic (orange) Russia, and that enlightened one-party-states and even dictatorial empires (red), can build a middle class more quickly than multiparty models (orange) in Africa. The evolutionary spirals are dancing all over the planet, in a figurative sense. While some hear tribal drum beats, others are doing the tango, the waltz, the Texas two-step, the jitterbug, theCharleston, or even the line dance.In some dances each expresse s self, oblivious to others. In others, we dance in concert, in a multitude of interlocking arrangements and movements. This is the global diversity. New political and economic models are beginning to appear, based on the assumptions and codes within integral commons and holistic meshworks. Welcome to the global dance. THE TWELVE POSTULATES : AN INTEGRAL PERSPECTIVE ON GLOBALIZATION: The Prime Directive A â€Å"postulate† is defined as â€Å"an essential presupposition, condition, or premise of a train of reasoning.†Postulates must all hang together and be seen as both simultaneous and sequential in creating a critical mass shift. These shifts are part and parcel of The Prime Directive, a universal ratchet through layers of complexity that appear to impact human choice-making, as well as that of other life forms. Bacteria, viruses, genes and memes all appear to be shaped by nonlinear, adaptive intelligences as life as we know it continues to evolve on the planet. Rathe r than existing as stand-alone, independent fragments, the postulates materialize â€Å"a train of reasoning† as they work in synergistic concert with each other.It makes no sense to argue as to which one is the most important. They are all interwoven into an evolving Global Meshworks. Note how horizons are broadening from families to clans, to tribes, to empires, to ancient nations, to corporate nation states, and now to global views. Yet, all of these viewing portals continue to exist on the planet earth. We are witnessing new versions of the historic continental drift as our economic, political, technological, and social worlds are, indeed, being pulled closer together.Further, global problems will require global solutions which, of necessity, will require global thinking. The historic past:present: future time lines will need to be understood. Up stream and down stream viewing points must be maintained. Final state paralysis must be replaced by flow state perspectives. Si mplistic car-wash solutions must be replaced by a rich understanding and respect for diversities in people, uniqueness in situations, and inevitable steps and stages in human emergence.Rigid rules, a product of fixed state  ideologies, must be supplanted by fluctuating algorithms that engage a world full of variables, life cycles, wild cards and other complex dynamics that lie at the core of life itself. There are no guarantees; no eternal road maps; no inevitable destinations; no blue print etched in permanent ink. Yet, there are equations, formulas, fractals, consequences, flows, and processes. Each new solution will, over time, create new problems. Human motivations will change as our life conditions get better, or get worse.There are systems within us rather than types of us – stratified decision-making stacks that constantly rearrange themselves in terms of priorities and senses of urgency. Different cultures and subcultures, then, are organic entities that lay on new levels of complexity as changes in life conditions warrant. Finally, the real intent of these postulates, when taken as a group, is to shape both interior and exterior dynamics to expedite the natural principles that appear to drive societal transformation. Such dynamics rely heavily on self organizing principles and processes rather than mechanistic, artificial mandates or commandments.They are messy, chaotic, often violence-prone, and uncertain with false starts, regressions, quantum leaps, advances and retreats, within a whole wilderness of snarling beasts, wild cards, sink-holes, and life-sustaining oasis. Such a systemic and integral initiative is designed to dredge out channels, drain stagnant back waters, unblock tributaries, navigate white water rapids, and maintain the ongoing movement of ideas, energy, and the human spirit through time and space. In this sense we become co-creators with the The Prime Directive in crafting the human story.But first, some personal questions for you to consider: Why do you see globalization issues the way that you do? Who are the â€Å"bad guys; the good girls? † What personal priorities shape your perceptual filters? Why do you have them? Have you changed? What will you personally gain or lose under different global scenarios? What mindsets, viewing-points, or value systems influence your own thinking? Which groups do you represent, causes do you support, and personal or professional commitments do you have which could alter your views?Are you open to new and different perspectives, fresh and expansive horizons? THE TWELVE POSTULATES 1. Reframe globalization issues around value system codes rather than behavioral stereotypes. In place of the racial, ethnic, nationalistic, culture-bound, moralistic, economic, and oppressed/oppressor filters, consider viewing globalization matters through this integral/holistic (yellow & turquoise) frame. By understanding these deeper value system currents or complexity strata, it becomes possible to develop more realistic big picture views and craft practical, appropriate solutions to real problems.Further, by recognizing the core cultural codes, as reflected in individuals and social groupings, one can quickly identify the generating, internal forces that will ultimately shape external behaviors and actions. For example, why is it the HIV infection rate so high in parts of Africa? If you identify the causative category as â€Å"African,† or â€Å"black,† or â€Å"poor† or â€Å"Third World,† you will miss the point entirely. Not all Africans, blacks, poor, or Third Worlders exhibit the identical sexual behaviors associated with AIDS.When women are influenced by the purple/animistic/safety & security vMEME, it is in their interest to breed large families because their children will provide a work force (gather wood and water) and future security. When men are dominated by the red/exploitative/predatory value system, they will imp regnate as many women as they can just to keep score. And, when they believe (purple) that having sex with a virgin will cure their AIDS infection, you can see why the plague spreads so rapidly. So, the pandemic is a purple and red problem; not a â€Å"black† problem.Blacks in the blue, orange, and green zones are less vulnerable to the destructive behaviors. â€Å"It's the vMEMES, stupid! † 1. Create vital signs monitors to track deeper currents and critical indicators. In order to track these underlying currents that flow over all of the continents, it is essential that we develop the capacity to monitor the concentrations and shifts, and be able to make sense out of the more traditional social/economic/health/quality of life indicators that are now available.This use of GIS (geographic information survey) type information displays can be enhanced by overlaying the patterns over the vMEMETIC codes to find deeper meaning in the data. Further, it should be possible to identify the early signs of an emerging â€Å"hot spot† that may explode in social eruptions. Such a scan would have warned the world community of bloody encounters-in-the-making in Africa, the Middle East, the Balkans, and Indonesia. We have Dow Jones indicators of the economic health and well being of various countries. Where are the value scans that can inform us of major changes, or sound the alarm when danger is on the horizon?For example, when the Balkans political leaders were brought to Wright-Patterson Air Force Base in Dayton, Ohio to iron out some kind of peaceful settlement to the lingering conflict in the former Yugoslavia, they were exposed to cyber maps showing the actual land forms, mountain ranges, and border lines. What if, in addition to these surface-level profiles, they were shown the vMEMETIC contours of the various population groups, or the stages of social development that were apparent? And, if the UN could have monitor these cultural codes in Sierra Leone, Rwanda, or even East Timor, wouldn't the responses have been significantly different?It is dangerous to be trapped in a paradigm. 2. Focus on the future as more significant than the past in shaping the present. The past can never be replayed or replayed. Time is not a straight arrow that flows on a unbroken line from the past to the future Rather, we go through a number of nonlinear jumps that totally alter the conditions, world views, and operating systems. In one sense author Thomas Wolfe had it right: â€Å"We can't go home again. † This, of course, means crafting a compelling vision of a realistic future state, and then aligning the various efforts and projects to accomplish those objectives.This often happens through the creative use of scenario building processes, a technology well developed by John Petersen at the Arlington Institute in Virginia. (Seewww. arlingtoninstitute. org). Yet, how do we â€Å"let go† of the past without jettisoning or eroding the essential codes that are required in crafting new and more complex social systems? Both raw capitalism and materialist Marxism pore acid on the indigenous cultures, both designed to create the New Man or Homo economicus. The second will foist a high consumer culture on more traditional environments.The first has used the Cambodian â€Å"killing fields† to wipe out every vestige of the older orders. Both do quite serious damage to the cultural strata. Both promote â€Å"final state† paralysis. And, there remains a serious question as to how we move beyond the anger and guilt from past deeds that often keep a society from moving ahead. Both the Truth and Reconciliation Commission in South Africa and the â€Å"Sign the Sorry Book† campaign in Australia with regard to the mistreatment of the aborigines are options.There is a growing movement within African American subcultures in the United States to demand reparation payments for the inhumane institution of slaver y and pervasive influence of centuries of segregation and discrimination. Yet there are far better ways to address the resulting asymmetrics that are the product of many different forces. A shift from blame and be blamed, or even live and let live, in the direction of thrive and help thrive, may hold the key. Ultimately, even subcultures must pass through stages of development. 3. Search for the new intelligences that appear around chaos and within crucibles.One of the basic assumptions within Spiral Dynamics is that complex, adaptive intelligences form in response to the stress and strain forged by life conditions. In contrast to IQ (Intelligent Quotient), EQ (Emotional Quotient), AQ (Adversity Quotient) SQ ( Spiritual Quotient) or other expressions of intelligence that have appeared, we are describing a VQ (Values Quotient) capacity. VQ codes emerge whenever the older thinking patterns can no longer handle the new complexity that they have helped create. In short, â€Å"cometh th e time, cometh the value codes.†The intent, here, will be to construct scaffoldings of solutions, arrange them according to the stages of social development, and be willing to scan for new insights and codes that will naturally appear, like diamonds on the veldt. These, like George Bush's â€Å"Thousand Points of Light† and Clinton's â€Å"Faces of Hope,† could be quickly disseminated through the Internet and other avenues for communicating practical solutions to common problems. Why continue to â€Å"invent the wheels† when well-designed vehicles are already up and running elsewhere. 4. Identify the superordinate goals that transcend other priorities and agendas.A superordinate goal is a goal or value that everybody wants and needs to realize, but no individual or group can achieve it in an unilateral fashion. These overarching umbrellas can take a number of forms. Some spring from a â€Å"woe is us† syndrome in that we are all in this horrible sit uation together. In other cases, a â€Å"common enemy† will appear on the scene, one that threatens the well-being of each and all. The best superordinate goal umbrella is a genuine and constructive outcome that everybody values, but one that requires the longer term integration of the conflicting groups.There are plenty of candidates for healthy superordinate goals: the threat of HIV-type viruses, the dangers inherent in global warming or other forms of environmental poison; the fear of nuclear explosions triggered by demagogues or militant â€Å"true believers† who have no fear of death; the growing gaps between rich and poor that sow seeds of class envy, and other wild cards such as water depletion, population growth, and biomedical monster gone amuck. All problems, challenges, and threats cut across national boundaries, ethnic enclaves, and gated communities. 5. Facilitate and honor the inevitable steps, stages and waves in human emergence.This is the critical path way that lies at the â€Å"DNA† core of The Prime Directive. The focus, here, should be on the process dynamic itself, not on any specific system, level, stage, or whorl that have been activated in forming the complex, adaptive intelligences. Each of the emerging value system waves not only addresses the unique problems in the milieu that gave it birth, but also adds texture and quality to the more complex vMEME codes in the future. (Note the colorful spiral on the wrap around to this document. See how each of the colors bleeds up into the more complex zones.)By keeping each stage/wave healthy, positive, and congruent, the avenues are open for movement to occur, if and when it has been â€Å"awakened† by life conditions. Instead of imposing the one-size-fits-all economic or political package on the entire developmental spectrum, one should craft the unique form that fits the different circumstances. Entire societies (and subcultures) move along the value system traject ory and should be assisted in meeting their needs and challenges at each of the stages, with the economic and political structures and models that are both tailored and appropriate to those conditions.It is both futile and counter productive to attempt to skip stages, or leap into a more complex world view before its time. Lawrence E. Harrison provides the clearest rationale for this process in his work on value systems and prosperity codes. (See Who Prospers? How Cultural Values Shape Economic and Political Success (1992) and Culture Matters: How Values Shape Human Progress (2000), written with Samuel P. Huntington).Harrison has demonstrated, in both his books and in his developmental work in several different cultural settings, that â€Å"traditional explanations like imperialism, dependency and racism are no longer adequate† in explaining why some countries and ethnic groups are better off than others. He stresses the critical importance of â€Å"cultural values that powe rfully shape political, economic and social performance. † In Spiral Dynamics terms these are the 4th Level (blue) and 5th Level (orange) vMEME – the blend of â€Å"good authority† with â€Å"practical enterprise. † 6. Mobilize all available resources (quadrants/levels) and focus them like laser beams.Ken Wilber has pioneered the concept of â€Å"all levels, all quadrants† as an essential framework for accelerating the development of people and cultures. Fragmented, isolated, ad hoc, piecemeal, and single quadrant solutions will fail to make a significant difference. Both interior (within the hearts and minds of individuals and cultures) and exterior (the exterior arrangements, economic perks, political structures, and social rules and regulations) must be meshed, coordinated, and aligned to the relevant level (stages of social development) to get maximum impact.See Wilber's new book, A Theory of Everything, for a thorough analysis. Further, the eff orts of families, schools, religion, law enforcement, business, professional societies, and political entitiesshould be integrated, aligned, and synergized to get them all on the same page. Their resources and efforts should befocused like laser beams on the essential steps and stages of emergence. These I call MeshWORK solutions. 7. Contain destructive conflicts while respecting the essential cycles of change. Life is full of dynamic tension, disruptions, conflicts, discord, and even violence.The problems may be within a stage (i. e. Lord of the Flies conflicts and holy wars) or between emerging stages (i. e. Lexus and the Olive Tree, Jihad vs. McWorld, or human rights vs. authoritarian values). Symptoms can be seen in societal blockages, cul-de-sacs, sink holes, minority vs. majority bloodshed, battles over scarce resources, inept and corrupt leadership, terrorism, and perpetual wars for national liberation or economic domination. Major conflicts should be â€Å"depressed† much like raging forest fires, from all angles and as quickly as possible.Minor scrimmages should be prevented if possible or allowed to play themselves out if relatively harmless. As the core vMEME flows are understood and accommodated, there will be fewer such conflicts as the human energy passes more freely the development dams and locks in an ongoing, positive fashion. 8. Promote power differentiation through appropriate, stratified stages and layers. No single political arrangement fits every situation. Each stratum within the human/social archeology will possess different operating philosophies in terms of how power is distributed.These are natural life forms, indigenous to the unique circumstances within each layer and level. Each will have its own unique organizing code, and can only respond to the models and processes which resonate with those â€Å"DNA† scripts. Not every person has the capacity to recognize these vertical stages of development. Many will attempt to impose the codes from single operating levels onto the entire strata of emergence. Some require a Tribal Order that is safety-driven, while others will thrive in an Exploitative Empire that is power-driven.You can also see why an Authority Structures (order-driven) is appropriate in some settings, while the codes within a Strategic Enterprise (success-driven) is congruent elsewhere. When a strong middle class is constructed, and a modicum of affluence is shared, then the Social Network (people-driven) structures make a lot of sense. Today we are moving in the direction of the Systemic Flow (process-oriented) and Holonic Meshwork (synthesis-oriented) global models are relevant. 9. Resolve major paradoxes by implementing creative win:win:win solutions.Many political leaders and groupings are now searching for alternatives to the traditional bipolar models of decision-making – whether expressed in the English Westminster formula, the American checks and balances procedures, or the historic Left vs. Right orientations from the French tradition. Even the win:win negotiation model carries with it the limited codes of the 5th Level (ORANGE) vMEME. These new models are now forming in complex thinking cells in this country and elsewhere. They focus first on the ultimate â€Å"win,† i. e. the integrity of the overall system, the well-being of all people, the  long-term ethical principles, or the inherent wisdom within The Prime Directive.This is the universal touchstone that can be using in resolving deep conflicts. A vMEMETIC understanding, tracked by a Global Vital Signs Monitor, could enhance the quest for peace in the Middle East as well as in Africa. It should be part and parcel of the insights offered at Camp David, in Geneva, or at UN headquarters. 10. Integrate the body, mind, soul and spirit in enriching the human experience. Many of our dysfunctional actions and social breakdowns stem from our own personal fragmentation.While the Age of Enligh tenment brought us many benefits of a material nature, we are now aware that such â€Å"progress† came with a price. We found ourselves separated from our spiritual sense, from the deeper values that resonate in our individual and cultural cores. Yet, it does no good to reject totally any of our senses of self. The key to health and well-being, within both a short term context and the longer flow, is to search for ways to mesh all of these attributes in an integral whole. There are plenty of opportunities to access some of these intangible but powerful practices.They should be developed in our youth while they are open to the inner life and welcome experiences designed to expand conceptual horizons. And adults, who are growing weary of the fast-track, technology-rich and digitized world around them, often search for ways to express a spiritual sense, or bond themselves with a transcendent cause, or renew their souls by reconnecting with nature's wonder. 11. Nourish and replen ish the natural habitat so that all life forms may flourish. Perhaps this postulate should come first because it may well be the one that should concern us the most.What is at stake here is preservation of life itself. We are now discovering the genetic codes that shapes our biological DNA scripts. This knowledge is both wonderful and frightening at the same time. The issue itself, and perhaps our permanent residency on the planet, will be determined by which of the vMEME codes controls the knowledge. At one time we believed, for example, that the very best way to protect the elephant species is to focus specifically on the elephant — the mating habits, the food requirements, and ways to keep individual elephants alive and reproducing.Today, the focus is on the environment – the total milieu that will naturally support elephant life. The elephant sprang from that milieu and flourished for centuries within it. As long as it provides what elephants need to survive and fl ourish, they will. No more prizes for forecasting the rain; only prizes for building the ark. The late Professor Clare W. Graves, Union College, New York said it best: Clare W. Graves.

Nelson Mandela s President Of South Africa - 1309 Words

There isn’t much that can be said about nelson Mandela that everybody in the world doesn’t know already. For most of his life He has worked tirelessly to ensure freedom for not just black majority in south africa, but for all races. He has endured many things in his quest for peace, including being put on trial and going to jail multiple times. He is well known in his country as a hero who strived for peace. His fight eventually led him to becoming the first democratically elected president of South Africa. His legacy of courage, leadership, and bravery lives on in the people of South Africa forever. Nelson Mandela was born Rolihlahla Mandela into the Madiba clan in Mvezo, Transkei, on July 18th, 1918. His mother was Nonqaphi Nosekeni and his father was Nkosi Mphakanyiswa Gadla Mandela, principal counsellor to the Acting King of the Thembu people, Jongintaba Dalindyebo. In 1930, when he was 12 years old, his father died and the young Rolihlahla became a ward of Jonginta ba at the Great Place in Mqhekezweni. While he was young he dreamed of making a contribution to the struggle for freedom of his people after hearing the elders’ stories of his ancestors’ valour during the wars of resistance. He was given the name nelson in primary school by his teacher in accordance with the custom to give all children Christian names. During his lifetime he acquired a bachelor’s degree in arts and laws. Over the course of his life he has had 3 wives. His 3 wives were Evelyn NtokoShow MoreRelatedSouth Africa and Nelson Mandela ´s Impact as President832 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"South Africa was still heavily influenced by the British and the whites minority in 1991. South Africa had to deal with a variety of issues and the nation had to face both social and economy problems. In the pursue of resolving these issues, many lives were lost and many more were arrested. 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